专访兰州大学教授朱永彪：中国-中亚合作走向“软联通”

Core Insights - The cooperation between China and Central Asian countries is evolving from "hard connectivity" in infrastructure to "soft connectivity" in standards, technology, and culture, creating a new pattern of deep integration across all fields and chains [2][4]. Group 1: Areas of Cooperation - There is significant potential for cooperation in trade facilitation, industrial investment, connectivity, green minerals, and agricultural modernization, with China possessing mature technology and products that can be adapted to local needs [5]. - China has been actively improving transportation infrastructure in Central Asia, such as helping Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan with tunnel and road projects, which enhances regional connectivity [5]. - The cooperation between China and Kazakhstan is particularly notable, with extensive collaboration in transportation infrastructure and various vehicle types, aligning Kazakhstan's "Bright Road" plan with the Belt and Road Initiative [6]. Group 2: Agricultural Collaboration - The establishment of the "China-Kazakhstan Smart Agriculture Research Center" exemplifies successful collaboration, addressing Kazakhstan's urgent agricultural development needs while leveraging China's strengths in dryland agriculture and technology [8]. - The center aims to build laboratories for sustainable development and introduce Chinese enterprises to promote technology and products, with Guangdong's drone companies already involved [8]. Group 3: Guangdong's Role - Guangdong has been actively participating in cooperation with Central Asia, with many products from Guangdong already present in the region, and notable companies like BYD and Huawei establishing a presence [9]. - Cultural cooperation is also growing, with Guangdong's cultural enterprises engaging with Central Asia, potentially enhancing Guangdong's influence in this area [11][12]. Group 4: Challenges and Opportunities - Challenges for Guangdong include geographical disadvantages, limited awareness of Central Asia among local enterprises, and the need for better alignment of advanced technologies with local demands [13]. - The transition from "hard connectivity" to "soft connectivity" requires mutual promotion, with a focus on technology, standards, and educational cooperation [16]. Group 5: Evolution of Cooperation - Cooperation has shifted from low-end commodity trade to comprehensive industrial chain collaboration, with a growing interest in advanced technologies like electric vehicles and drones [19]. - Central Asia's resource potential is crucial for China's energy security and trade diversification, making the region a valuable market for Chinese goods and technology [20].