金观平：绿电发得出更要用得好

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the urgency of expanding green electricity (green power) applications in China to achieve carbon neutrality goals and enhance global competitiveness in manufacturing [1][2]. Group 1: Importance of Green Electricity - China has established the world's largest renewable energy system, but the challenge lies in effectively utilizing green electricity [1]. - The European Union's carbon border adjustment mechanism, effective from January 1, 2026, will require Chinese companies to provide clear proof of green production for products like steel and cement to avoid high tariffs [1]. - The reliance on green electricity is becoming a new standard in international trade, impacting China's manufacturing competitiveness [1]. Group 2: Challenges in Green Electricity Application - The intermittent nature of wind and solar energy creates significant challenges for the power grid, leading to wasted green electricity due to insufficient grid capacity [2]. - Despite the reduction in costs for solar panels and wind turbines, the overall system costs for green electricity remain high, necessitating substantial investments in storage facilities and flexible coal power modifications [2]. - The current market mechanisms for green electricity are underdeveloped, with complexities in certification and trading, leading to difficulties for companies in purchasing and verifying green electricity [2]. Group 3: Solutions for Expanding Green Electricity Use - To expand green electricity applications, there is a need for technological innovation and improved market mechanisms, including the development of energy storage technologies and smart grids [3]. - Establishing a unified national electricity market and simplifying green electricity trading processes are essential for making green electricity more accessible [3]. - Implementing policies that incentivize the use of green electricity for companies can create a win-win situation, benefiting both consumers and producers [3].