欧盟碳边境调节机制年度评估报告出炉

Core Viewpoint - The European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) will officially implement on January 1, 2026, initially covering six high-energy-consuming products: steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizers, electricity, and hydrogen. A recent report from the European Commission outlines the current status of the CBAM transition period, international cooperation progress, and optimization directions to enhance the mechanism's effectiveness, with a focus on the planned expansion to include approximately 120 chemical products [1][2]. Group 1 - The report indicates that the assessment for potential expansion of CBAM will utilize a multi-stage screening method, focusing on carbon leakage risk, industry representation, and emission scale to define the preliminary scope. A deeper analysis will follow based on production structure, economic significance, and trade data [1]. - The EU plans to adopt a "key substance-centric" value chain assessment method for the complex chemical industry, emphasizing high-output, high-emission, or already established carbon market benchmark products to ensure precise coverage of major emission sources [1][2]. Group 2 - Approximately 120 chemical products and polymers have been initially selected for assessment, including olefins, aromatics, methanol, plastic polymers, naphtha, pyrolysis gasoline, and reformate. The selection criteria strictly adhere to the report's requirements, focusing on high-output, high-emission, or products with established EU carbon trading system benchmarks [2]. - The timeline for CBAM's core decision-making is set for 2027, with the transition period ending in 2026, marking the start of formal implementation and the accumulation of the first complete year of import emission data. In 2027, the European Commission will submit a new assessment report based on 2026's operational data, proposing legislative recommendations regarding the inclusion of the new industries into CBAM [2]. Group 3 - Market participants suggest that if CBAM introduces these 120 chemical products as planned, it will trigger a silent yet profound strategic reshaping in the global chemical and petrochemical sectors. CBAM is not merely an environmental tax; it represents the EU's systematic transfer of its high internal carbon costs to the global supply chain, reshaping trade rules as a geopolitical economic tool [2].