最新近视前期管理专家共识发布！进入“关口前移”时代，尚未近视但远视储备不足的儿童需要注意啥

Core Viewpoint - The "Expert Consensus on Early Management of Myopia in China (2025)" emphasizes the need for systematic management of pre-myopic children, highlighting new strategies such as ensuring adequate sleep and using high-aspheric non-spherical lenses [1][2]. Group 1: Definition and Importance of Pre-Myopia - The consensus defines pre-myopia as a transitional stage where the refractive state is drifting towards myopia but does not meet the diagnostic criteria for myopia [2][3]. - Key indicators for diagnosing pre-myopia include a ciliary muscle paralysis refraction test showing a hyperopic reserve below age-specific thresholds and an equivalent spherical lens power between -0.50D and +0.75D [2][3]. Group 2: Management Strategies - The consensus advocates for a multi-dimensional management approach, focusing on behavioral interventions such as increasing outdoor activities (over 2 hours daily), maintaining proper reading posture, and limiting screen time [4]. - For high-risk pre-myopic children, the use of specially designed optical glasses is recommended, with studies indicating that wearing high-aspheric non-spherical lenses for over 30 hours a week can slow down axial elongation [4]. Group 3: Pharmacological Management - The consensus mentions that 0.01% to 0.05% atropine eye drops can reduce the incidence of myopia, with recent approvals for higher concentrations (0.02% and 0.04%) in China, marking a step towards personalized myopia management [5]. - These higher concentrations are suitable for children aged 6 to 12 with myopia progression between -1.00D and -4.00D, but usage should be under medical guidance due to potential side effects [5]. Group 4: Monitoring and Follow-Up - Regular monitoring is crucial, with low-risk groups recommended to have check-ups every six months and high-risk groups every three months, especially during periods of increased visual load or vision fluctuations [6].