央行发布支付机构评级新规，哪些行为会被评为“E类”？

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China has released a revised "Non-Bank Payment Institutions Classification Rating Management Measures" to enhance the regulation of non-bank payment institutions and implement differentiated regulatory measures, effective from February 1 of this year [1][3]. Group 1: Rating Structure - The classification rating consists of seven modules: corporate governance (10 points), business norms (25 points), reserve fund management (10 points), user rights protection (10 points), system security (15 points), anti-money laundering measures (15 points), and operational stability (15 points) [1][3]. - The total score for the rating is 100 points, with business norms having the highest weight of 25 points, followed by system security, anti-money laundering measures, and operational stability, each worth 15 points [3][8]. - The rating results are categorized into five classes (A, B, C, D, E) with a total of 11 levels, where A class institutions are required to rectify issues within a specified time without special regulatory measures, while lower-rated institutions face increasingly stringent regulations [1][3][4]. Group 2: Regulatory Measures - Institutions rated as D class must rectify issues and undergo semi-annual discussions with key stakeholders until the issues are resolved, along with additional regulatory measures such as reporting risk situations to clearing institutions [4][11]. - Institutions can be directly rated as E class if they fail to submit self-assessment reports, are found guilty of crimes, exceed approved business types, or have significant violations as defined by regulations [4][5]. Group 3: Rating Frequency and Disclosure - The classification rating will be conducted annually, with the evaluation period covering the previous year, to enhance regulatory effectiveness and assess the operational level and risk of payment institutions [7][10]. - The rating results are primarily for internal regulatory use by the People's Bank of China and its branches, with restrictions on public disclosure and use for marketing purposes [6][7]. Group 4: Industry Impact - The new classification rating system signifies a shift towards a more precise and differentiated regulatory approach in the non-bank payment industry, promoting compliance and operational efficiency among institutions [11][12]. - Higher-rated institutions may benefit from enhanced market opportunities, while lower-rated institutions will face increased compliance costs and operational pressures, potentially leading to a more competitive market environment [12].