中国空间站成功开展锂离子电池在轨实验

Core Viewpoint - The successful in-orbit experiment of lithium-ion batteries on the Chinese space station aims to observe and analyze the effects of microgravity on key internal processes of the batteries, providing scientific basis for enhancing spacecraft energy systems [1][2]. Group 1: Experiment Overview - The experiment was conducted by the Shenzhou 21 astronaut crew, with researcher Zhang Hongzhang from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics playing a key role as a payload expert [1]. - Lithium-ion batteries are described as the "energy heart" of modern space missions, known for their high energy density, long cycle life, and safety [1]. Group 2: Microgravity Environment - The microgravity environment allows scientists to observe the internal movement of ions and reactions of electrode materials more clearly, overcoming challenges faced in ground experiments where gravity interferes with electric fields [2]. - However, the microgravity environment also presents new challenges, such as significant differences in liquid behavior within the battery, which may lead to decreased performance and increased safety risks [2]. Group 3: Scientific Advancements - The in-situ optical observation of lithium-ion batteries in microgravity recorded dynamic images of lithium dendrite growth and involved precise adjustments in electrochemical experiments, process control, and monitoring of key scientific phenomena [2]. - This experiment is expected to break through the cognitive bottleneck of the coupling effects between gravitational and electric fields, advancing the fundamental theory of electrochemistry and providing a basis for optimizing current in-orbit battery systems and designing next-generation high-energy, high-safety space batteries [2].