专家提醒：多重因素导致孩子过敏越来越常见

Core Viewpoint - The increasing prevalence of allergic conditions such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and food allergies among children is attributed to a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors [1][2]. Group 1: Genetic Factors - Allergies have a significant hereditary component; if one or both parents have a history of allergies, the risk for their children increases markedly [1]. Group 2: Environmental Influences - Over-cleaning and the frequent use of disinfectants in modern households reduce children's exposure to beneficial microorganisms, hindering the immune system's ability to differentiate between harmful and harmless substances [1]. - Urbanization has led to decreased outdoor activities for children, limiting their exposure to beneficial microbes found in soil and plants, which exacerbates immune system development imbalances [2]. - Increased environmental allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and mold in urban areas contribute to higher rates of allergic reactions among children [2]. - Air pollution, including PM2.5 and harmful gases, can damage the respiratory mucosa in children, making them more susceptible to allergens [2]. Group 3: Lifestyle Changes - The rise in consumption of high-sugar, high-fat, and processed foods, along with insufficient intake of fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, disrupts gut microbiota balance and affects immune function, increasing allergy risks [2]. - The misuse of antibiotics can harm gut flora, further impacting immune system development [2]. - Overheating and improper feeding practices can lower children's adaptability, making their immune systems more sensitive [2]. Group 4: Management Strategies - Parents can effectively manage allergic reactions by identifying allergens early, avoiding exposure, maintaining a balanced diet, increasing outdoor activities, and utilizing traditional Chinese medicine for symptom relief [2].