全球商业化核聚变装置首次实现百秒运行

Core Insights - The latest development in the nuclear fusion sector is marked by the successful operation of the world's first fully high-temperature superconducting tokamak, Honghuang 70, which achieved a stable long-pulse plasma operation for 120 seconds during its 5319th experiment [1][2][3]. Company Developments - Energy Singularity, the company behind Honghuang 70, claims that this experiment demonstrates the device's reliability and stability for long-pulse operation, validating the engineering feasibility of high-temperature superconducting tokamaks [1][2]. - The Honghuang 70 device is noted for being the first commercial nuclear fusion device developed by a private company, with a domestic production rate exceeding 96% [5]. - Future plans include the development of a compact high-temperature superconducting tokamak prototype, Honghuang 170, aimed at achieving the lowest cost for net energy gain from deuterium-tritium fusion [4][5]. Industry Trends - The nuclear fusion sector is experiencing a surge in interest, as evidenced by a 2.36% increase in the controllable nuclear fusion index as of January 8, with a cumulative increase of 52.5% for the year [7]. - Over 70% of stocks in the controllable nuclear fusion sector saw gains, with several companies reaching their daily limit up [8][9]. - The successful experiment is expected to prompt a reevaluation of the maturity and commercialization timeline of fusion technology by international capital and industry [14]. Technological Context - Nuclear fusion is considered the "ultimate energy" source due to its abundant raw materials and lack of pollution emissions [15]. - The high-temperature superconducting tokamak is highlighted as the only fusion energy solution that meets the criteria of scientific robustness, engineering feasibility, and commercial cost-effectiveness [15]. - Current fusion technology routes include magnetic confinement fusion, with tokamaks being a prominent design, often referred to as "artificial suns" [15][16].