阳性率上升，无特效药和疫苗！中疾控最新提醒

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention has reported an increase in the positive rate of rhinovirus among outpatient flu-like cases, indicating that rhinovirus is a major pathogen causing respiratory symptoms alongside influenza [1] Group 1: Rhinovirus Overview - Rhinovirus, also known as Human Rhinovirus (HRV), is a small single-stranded RNA virus and a primary cause of the common cold, prevalent in both adults and children, accounting for 30% to 50% of acute upper respiratory infections in children [1] - Rhinovirus spreads primarily through respiratory droplets and contact transmission, surviving for hours on surfaces at room temperature [1] Group 2: Symptoms Comparison - Rhinovirus symptoms are predominantly upper respiratory, including nasal congestion, clear nasal discharge, and sneezing, with mild systemic symptoms [2] - Influenza symptoms are more systemic, typically presenting with high fever, headache, body aches, and significant fatigue, while nasal symptoms are less pronounced [2] Group 3: Recovery and Risks - Most healthy individuals recover from rhinovirus infections within 7 to 10 days, but special populations (infants, elderly, immunocompromised) may face risks of lower respiratory infections or exacerbations of asthma and COPD [2][3] Group 4: Prevention Strategies - There are currently no specific medications or vaccines for rhinovirus; prevention focuses on non-pharmaceutical measures such as hand hygiene, ventilation, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals [4] - Home care recommendations include rest, hydration, and maintaining indoor humidity, while infected individuals should practice respiratory hygiene to prevent transmission [4] Group 5: Common Misconceptions - Antibiotics should not be used for rhinovirus infections as they are ineffective against viral infections [5] - Antiviral medications like Oseltamivir are also ineffective against rhinovirus [6] - Symptoms that worsen, such as persistent high fever or difficulty breathing, require immediate medical attention [8]