新财观｜COP30峰会释信号：内地与香港协同引领绿色资金新流向

Global Climate Governance - The current global climate funding gap is significant, with developing countries needing approximately $215 billion to $387 billion annually for adaptation, while public funding only reaches $23 billion to $30 billion, less than one-tenth of the required amount [2] - Disagreements between developed and developing countries regarding funding responsibilities and technology transfer remain unresolved, complicating climate financing mechanisms [2] COP30 Key Outcomes and Funding Mechanism Breakthroughs - COP30 achieved structural progress in several areas, despite ongoing disagreements on fossil fuel issues, establishing new directions for global climate governance [3] - A significant breakthrough in climate funding mechanisms was reached, with an agreement to triple global climate adaptation funding by 2035 and a new "Tropical Forest Forever Fund" initiated by Brazil, aiming for a target size of $125 billion [4] - The establishment of the "Belém Action Mechanism" (BAM) marks the first inclusion of "just transition" in the UNFCCC framework, providing institutional support for affected industries and communities during energy transitions [5] - COP30 initiated the transition of global carbon markets from rule-making to infrastructure connectivity, promoting technical cooperation among countries on carbon market standards [6][7] China's Green Finance Strategy - China announced a new Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target, committing to reduce total greenhouse gas emissions by 7% to 10% by 2035, enhancing transparency and demonstrating responsibility in global climate governance [8] - The green finance system in China is maturing, with a multi-layered policy framework established since 2016, leading to a significant increase in green loans and investments in energy transition and ecological protection [9] - The green bond market in China is expanding, with cumulative issuance exceeding 4 trillion yuan, primarily funding clean energy and green infrastructure projects [10] Hong Kong's Role in Green Finance - Hong Kong is positioning itself as an international green finance hub, with significant growth in green and sustainable debt issuance, reaching approximately $84.4 billion in 2024 [18] - The regulatory framework for green finance in Hong Kong is advancing, with the introduction of a sustainable finance classification directory and enhanced disclosure requirements for listed companies [16][25] - Hong Kong is leveraging its offshore RMB center advantage to attract international investments in green bonds, enhancing the appeal of "green RMB" products [17][18] Collaboration Between Mainland China and Hong Kong - The collaboration between Mainland China and Hong Kong in green finance is evolving towards a three-tiered integration of products, standards, and platforms [20] - The mutual accessibility of green financial products, including green bonds and transition finance, is expected to enhance cross-border capital flows [21] - Joint efforts in standardization and information disclosure are underway, with both regions working towards a unified green finance classification system [24][25] - Infrastructure connectivity is being established to facilitate cross-border green capital movement, addressing challenges in regulatory recognition and environmental impact verification [26][27]