【北京疾控提醒您】科学预防诺如，守护健康好状态

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the high transmission risk of Norovirus during winter, particularly in school settings, and provides guidelines for prevention and management to ensure the health of students and staff during the peak season of acute gastroenteritis [1][2]. Part 1: Understanding Norovirus and Symptoms - Norovirus can be transmitted through various means, including close contact with infected individuals, contaminated surfaces, and ingestion of contaminated food or water [1]. - Symptoms typically appear 12-48 hours after exposure, with vomiting and diarrhea being the most common, lasting 2-3 days with a generally good prognosis [2]. - It is important to note that Norovirus can cause repeated infections [3]. Part 2: Personal Protective Measures - Emphasis on hand hygiene and frequent handwashing as effective measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases [4]. - Recommendations include drinking boiled water, consuming cooked food, and ensuring fruits and vegetables are washed thoroughly [5]. - Infected individuals should stay home to reduce the risk of transmission to others [6]. Part 3: Parental Involvement in Child Health - Parents should educate children on proper handwashing before meals and after using the restroom, as well as ensuring adequate sleep and a balanced diet to boost immunity [7]. - If children exhibit symptoms of gastroenteritis, parents should cooperate with schools and health authorities for testing and allow the child to rest at home [8]. - During home recovery, children should use separate food utensils, and parents should maintain cleanliness and disinfection in shared spaces [9]. Part 4: School Management and Risk Mitigation - Schools must implement strict health monitoring protocols, including daily health checks and tracking of absences due to illness [10]. - Adequate supplies for disinfection and personal protective equipment should be available, with regular cleaning of high-contact areas [11]. - Food service staff must be monitored for health and trained in infection control, with immediate reporting and removal from work for any suspected Norovirus cases [12]. - Sufficient handwashing facilities and hygiene supplies should be provided in school restrooms, along with educational programs on Norovirus prevention [13]. - In the event of a vomiting incident, schools should follow established protocols for area evacuation and waste disposal, reporting any outbreaks to health authorities promptly [14].