联合国粮农组织：12月全球食品价格小幅回落，2025年全年仍同比上涨

Core Insights - The global food prices have decreased for the fourth consecutive month in December 2025, primarily due to falling prices of dairy products, meat, and vegetable oils, reaching the lowest average level since January 2025 [1][5]. Price Index Summary - The Food Price Index by FAO averaged 124.3 points in December 2025, down from 125.1 points in November, marking a year-on-year decline of 2.3% [1][5]. - The annual average for 2025 is projected at 127.2 points, reflecting a 4.3% increase compared to 2024, driven by higher prices of vegetable oils and dairy products, which offset declines in grains and sugar prices [1][5]. Dairy Products - The Dairy Price Index fell by 4.4% in December, mainly due to increased supply of cream in Europe leading to a significant drop in butter prices [1][5]. - Despite the December decline, the average dairy price for 2025 is expected to be 13.2% higher than in 2024, influenced by strong import demand and limited export supplies [1][5]. Meat Prices - The Meat Price Index decreased by 1.3% in December, with beef and poultry prices leading the decline [1][5]. - However, the annual average for 2025 is anticipated to be 5.1% higher than the previous year, supported by strong global demand and uncertainties from animal diseases and geopolitical tensions [1][5]. Vegetable Oils - The Vegetable Oil Price Index dropped by 0.2% in December, reaching a six-month low, as declines in soybean, canola, and sunflower oils offset gains in palm oil prices [2][6]. - The annual average for 2025 is expected to surge by 17.1% compared to 2024, marking the highest level in nearly three years due to tightening global supplies [2][6]. Grains - The Grain Price Index rose by 1.7% in December, driven by concerns over grain export conditions in the Black Sea region and strong ethanol production demand in Brazil and the U.S. supporting corn prices [2][7]. - However, the annual average for 2025 is projected to decline by 4.9% compared to 2024, marking the third consecutive year of decrease and the lowest annual average since 2020 [2][7]. Sugar Prices - Sugar prices rebounded by 2.4% in December after three months of decline, primarily due to reduced sugar production in southern Brazil [3][7]. - The annual average for sugar prices in 2025 is expected to drop by 17% year-on-year, reaching the lowest level in nearly five years due to ample global supply [4][7].