特朗普宣布退出多个联合国机构 美国“气候退缩”立场再升级

Core Viewpoint - The announcement by President Donald Trump to withdraw from multiple key international organizations focused on climate issues, including the IPCC and UNFCCC, exacerbates the U.S. retreat from global climate cooperation, potentially diminishing its influence on greenhouse gas reduction and limiting the global impact of these institutions [1][4]. Group 1: Withdrawal Implications - The U.S. plans to exit 66 organizations, which includes significant climate-related bodies, indicating a shift in climate policy that may weaken U.S. authority on emissions reduction [1][4]. - The withdrawal from the UNFCCC means the U.S. will no longer participate in the annual COP meetings, which are crucial for global low-carbon transition and climate financing [2][5]. - This move is seen as a severe challenge to international climate cooperation since the signing of the Paris Agreement, particularly affecting competition in clean energy technology [6]. Group 2: Domestic Policy Context - Trump's actions align with his domestic policy adjustments aimed at loosening regulations on polluting industries and fossil fuels, marking a continuation of his administration's stance against climate change initiatives [1][5]. - The withdrawal from the Paris Agreement process was initiated in January 2025, reflecting Trump's consistent dismissal of climate change as a significant issue [1][5]. Group 3: Future Participation Challenges - Future U.S. administrations seeking to re-engage in global climate governance will face complex procedures, as rejoining the UNFCCC may require Senate approval [2][6]. - Conservative proponents of the withdrawal argue that it frees the U.S. from policies perceived as detrimental to energy costs, signaling a rejection of global actions that dictate domestic energy practices [3][6]. Group 4: Impact on Scientific Assessment - The U.S. withdrawal from the IPCC will hinder its ability to participate in critical scientific assessments that inform global climate policy, although individual American scientists may still engage in research [7]. - The next major assessment report, originally scheduled for 2029, may see reduced U.S. involvement due to previous cuts in funding and staffing at federal climate agencies [8]. - The absence of U.S. expertise and data contributions could significantly affect the operations of the IPCC, which has historically relied on American support [8].