海南椰雕：一刀一刻映椰影

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the unique craftsmanship of Hainan coconut carving, emphasizing its historical significance, intricate techniques, and the efforts to preserve and innovate this traditional art form [1][10]. Group 1: Historical Background - Coconut carving is a distinctive craft originating from Hainan, initially used by the Li ethnic group for practical items due to its durability and lightweight nature [1]. - The craft has historical references dating back to the Tang Dynasty, with notable figures like Su Dongpo contributing to its cultural significance [1]. - By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, coconut carvings were recognized as "Tian Nan tribute goods," showcasing their artistic value [1]. Group 2: Craftsmanship and Techniques - The process of creating coconut carvings involves over a dozen steps, including shell selection, cleaning, design, carving, polishing, and waxing [5]. - The craftsmanship requires precision, as the thickness of the carving must be carefully managed to avoid cracking [5]. - Innovators like Wu Mingju have introduced new techniques, such as round carving and traditional Chinese mortise and tenon joints, to enhance the structural integrity and aesthetic appeal of the pieces [5]. Group 3: Preservation and Education - Wu Mingju emphasizes the importance of slow teaching and passing down core skills to apprentices, rejecting quick-learning approaches [9]. - The integration of coconut carving into educational institutions, such as Hainan University, aims to promote this intangible cultural heritage among younger generations [9]. - The Hainan provincial government has initiated a three-year action plan to enhance the protection and development of coconut carving, aiming for significant improvements by 2027 [10]. Group 4: Modern Applications - Coconut carving is evolving beyond traditional items, with modern applications including tea sets, storage boxes, keychains, and refrigerator magnets [10]. - The craft is increasingly being incorporated into contemporary life, reflecting its adaptability and ongoing relevance in today's market [10].