在甘肃戈壁深处

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights China's innovative approach to nuclear energy, specifically the successful development of a 2 MW liquid-fueled thorium molten salt experimental reactor, which marks a significant advancement in utilizing thorium as a nuclear fuel source, potentially enhancing energy independence and safety [1][2]. Group 1: Project Development - The thorium molten salt experimental reactor was established in Wuwei, Gansu Province, overcoming initial challenges such as lack of technology, conditions, and team [2]. - The project faced significant delays in site selection due to public concerns following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, ultimately being located in a remote area with limited resources [2][3]. - The team adopted a strategy of collaboration and innovation, leveraging the strengths of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to build a capable workforce [2]. Group 2: Technical Challenges - The project encountered severe environmental and logistical challenges, including a lack of water and electricity, leading to team members living in difficult conditions for extended periods [3]. - Technical challenges included sourcing critical materials like nickel-based alloys and nuclear graphite, which were only produced by a few international companies at the time [3][4]. - A significant technical hurdle was overcome in the summer of 2023 when a blockage occurred in the molten salt pipeline, requiring intensive efforts from the team to resolve [4]. Group 3: Achievements and Future Goals - The experimental reactor achieved full power operation in June 2024 and became the first in the world to incorporate thorium into molten salt, establishing a unique research platform for thorium-uranium fuel cycles [4]. - The project has achieved over 90% localization of key equipment and materials, indicating a strong move towards self-sufficiency in nuclear technology [4]. - The next phase aims to achieve industrial application of the thorium molten salt technology, contributing to China's energy security and carbon neutrality goals [4].