在甘肃戈壁深处建核电站

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights China's innovative approach to nuclear energy, specifically the successful development of a 2 MW liquid-fueled thorium molten salt experimental reactor, which marks a significant advancement in utilizing thorium as a nuclear fuel source, potentially enhancing energy independence and safety [1][2]. Group 1: Project Development - The thorium molten salt experimental reactor was established in Wuwei, Gansu Province, and is the only operational reactor of its kind globally, achieving thorium fuel utilization [1]. - The project faced significant challenges, including a lack of technology, conditions, and team at its inception, leading to a strategic approach of assembling a core team and leveraging collaborative innovation across various research fields [2]. - The reactor's site selection was complicated by public concerns following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, resulting in a lengthy search across multiple provinces before settling in Wuwei with support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Gansu provincial government [2]. Group 2: Technical Challenges - The project encountered severe environmental and logistical challenges, including a harsh desert climate with limited resources, which required team members to adapt to difficult living conditions while working on the reactor [3]. - Technical hurdles included sourcing critical materials like nickel-based alloys and nuclear graphite, which were only produced by a few international companies at the time [3][4]. - A significant technical challenge arose during the summer of 2023 when a blockage occurred in the molten salt pipeline, requiring a dedicated effort from the team to resolve the issue over 100 days [4]. Group 3: Achievements and Future Goals - The experimental reactor achieved full power operation in June 2024 and completed the world's first thorium molten salt reactor with thorium fuel cycle research platform by October 2024, with over 90% of key equipment and materials now domestically produced [4]. - The project is part of a broader strategy to develop a three-step approach: from experimental to demonstration reactors, aiming for industrial application to enhance China's energy security and contribute to carbon neutrality goals [4].