化外部“碳约束”为内部“绿动能” ——写在CBAM正式实施之际

Core Viewpoint - The EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) has transitioned into a mandatory phase, posing significant challenges and opportunities for China's petroleum and chemical industries, necessitating a shift towards greener practices and compliance with international standards [1] Group 1: Fertilizer Industry - The default emission value for Chinese urea products is set at 2.85 tons of CO2 per ton, nearly double that of major natural gas-producing countries like Algeria, while anhydrous ammonia has a default value of 4.36 tons of CO2 per ton [2] - Fertilizer companies must transition from "extensive management" to "refined accounting" by establishing a Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) system that meets international standards to counter unreasonable default values [2] Group 2: Hydrogen Industry - The hydrogen industry, although small, is crucial for the green development of the petrochemical sector, with a default emission intensity for Chinese hydrogen set at 26.64 tons of CO2 per ton [2] - The CBAM's inclusion of hydrogen signifies a rejection of traditional "grey hydrogen" production methods, pushing the industry towards green hydrogen production using renewable energy [2] Group 3: Refining and Chemical Industries - The refining and organic chemicals sectors are identified as potential main battlegrounds under CBAM, with the EU targeting organic chemicals and polymers to prevent "carbon leakage" [3] - Refining products will have their carbon footprints traced throughout the supply chain, and any expansion of CBAM will impact the entire petrochemical industry, including synthetic resins and plastics [3] Group 4: Data Management and Compliance - CBAM challenges companies not only in production processes but also in data governance, requiring transparent and verifiable supply chain data [4] - Companies need to establish a digital carbon management platform to track carbon footprints from raw material procurement to end products, while adhering to compliance standards [4] - The industry must view the CBAM as both a long-term and a critical challenge, transforming external carbon constraints into internal green momentum through technological innovation and management upgrades [4]