把握新型能源体系建设六个着力点

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the strategic goals and tasks outlined in the "Suggestions for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development," emphasizing the construction of a new energy system that is clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient, aiming for a preliminary establishment by the end of the 15th Five-Year period [1]. Group 1: New Energy System Development - The "Suggestions" propose to continuously increase the proportion of renewable energy supply and to integrate multiple energy sources such as wind, solar, hydro, and nuclear power [2]. - By the end of October 2025, the installed capacity of renewable energy is expected to reach 2.22 billion kilowatts, accounting for nearly 60% of the total installed capacity in the country [2]. - There are challenges in the effective integration of intermittent energy sources like wind and solar with stable power sources, leading to underutilization of energy resources in certain regions [2][3]. Group 2: Coal and Fossil Energy Management - The "Suggestions" emphasize the need for clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy, promoting the peak consumption of coal and oil [4]. - Over 80% of coal-fired power units have undergone energy-saving renovations, and more than 90% have achieved ultra-low emissions [4]. - There are concerns about the balance between reducing coal dependency and ensuring energy supply security, as some regions may be too aggressive in cutting coal power [4][5]. Group 3: Resilience of the New Power System - The "Suggestions" call for enhancing the resilience and safety of the power system through improved energy storage and smart grid development [6]. - China has the world's largest and most advanced ultra-high voltage transmission network, with pumped storage capacity leading globally for nine consecutive years [6][7]. - Challenges include insufficient cross-regional intelligent scheduling capabilities and the need for better integration of new energy storage technologies [7]. Group 4: Technological Innovation in Energy - The "Suggestions" highlight the goal of significantly improving self-reliance in technology, focusing on breakthroughs in key core technologies [8]. - China has made significant advancements in nuclear power, renewable energy, and grid technologies, showcasing its innovation capabilities [8][9]. - However, there are still high external dependencies on certain key technologies and components, indicating a need for improved domestic capabilities [9]. Group 5: Regional Energy Development - The "Suggestions" advocate for optimizing regional economic layouts and energy resource bases, particularly in marine energy development [10]. - There is a disparity between energy resource-rich areas in the central and western regions and load centers in the eastern regions, necessitating better energy resource allocation [10][11]. - The development of offshore wind energy and other marine resources is still in its early stages, with some key technologies needing further maturity [10][11]. Group 6: Energy Market Dynamics - The "Suggestions" propose advancing the construction of a unified national energy market and improving market mechanisms to adapt to the new energy system [13]. - The energy market has seen accelerated development, with over a million market participants and significant inter-provincial electricity trading [13][14]. - Challenges remain in market segmentation and competition, with a need for unified trading rules and mechanisms to ensure fair competition [14].