外贸一线观察丨向新向优、更加多元！2025年我国外贸进出口特点显著

Core Viewpoint - China's exports demonstrated "resilient growth, structural optimization, and dynamic transformation" in 2025, with a notable trend of "stability followed by an increase" in export performance [1] Export Performance - In 2025, China's exports showed steady growth with only a decline in October, while December recorded the highest growth rate for the same period [1] - ASEAN emerged as China's largest trading partner, with exports reaching 4.29 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.6%. The EU followed as the second-largest market, with exports of 3.64 trillion yuan, growing by 8.9% [1] - Exports to Belt and Road Initiative countries totaled 12.34 trillion yuan, marking an 11.3% increase and accounting for over half of the national export value [1] Market Diversification - A significant factor in the unexpected resilience of China's exports is the shift from reliance on the US and Europe to a more balanced global market, particularly with strong trade growth in the "Global South" [3] Export Structure - The export structure is increasingly focused on high-tech and high-value products, with electromechanical products dominating at 60.9% of total exports. Notably, integrated circuits have seen over 20% growth for eight consecutive months, and exports of electric vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaic products have collectively increased by over 20% [7] - The growth of general trade exports outpaced processing trade by more than 5 percentage points, indicating enhanced self-sufficiency in the industrial chain [10] Import Trends - In 2025, the import structure showed a clear trend of optimization, with high-tech and high-value products seeing significant growth. Key imports included integrated circuits, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, and precision instruments, reflecting the acceleration of domestic manufacturing technology upgrades [10] - Resource imports remained stable, with consistent imports of crude oil and iron ore, while there was a noticeable upgrade in consumer goods imports, including high-quality food and health products [10] Trade Efficiency - The implementation of customs facilitation reforms, including the full coverage of the "International Trade Single Window" and the optimization of cross-border logistics systems, has significantly improved trade efficiency [16] Market Demand - The stabilization and improvement of imports indicate a steady domestic market demand, contributing to a more seamless domestic and international dual circulation [18]