21评论丨美联储第一季度降息概率不大

Core Insights - The U.S. CPI for December 2025 shows a month-on-month increase of 0.3%, the smallest since July of the previous year, with a year-on-year growth of 2.7%, the lowest since May 2025, indicating a slow decline in inflation [2] - Core CPI, excluding volatile food and energy prices, increased by 0.2% month-on-month and 2.6% year-on-year, matching November figures and reflecting the lowest levels since March 2021 [2][4] - The data for December 2025 is considered reliable and complete, suggesting a consistent downward trend in inflation since September 2025, despite previous data collection issues in November [2] Inflation Components - The decrease in inflation is primarily attributed to zero growth in core goods prices, particularly new vehicles, used cars, and trucks, indicating a milder-than-expected impact from tariffs [3] - Core services prices rose by 0.3%, with housing costs, which have a significant weight in the CPI, increasing by 0.4%, the largest rise in four months, and a year-on-year increase from 3.0% to 3.2% [3] - The rental market showed a significant decline, with a 0.31% drop in rents in October 2025, the largest in 15 years, driven by increased supply and reduced demand [3] Employment and Economic Impact - Non-farm employment in the U.S. increased by 584,000 in 2025, significantly lower than the 2 million increase in 2024, with the unemployment rate rising from 4.0% to 4.4% [6] - Real average weekly earnings for American workers decreased by 0.3% in December 2025, which, while beneficial for controlling inflation, negatively impacts consumer spending and economic growth [6] Federal Reserve Outlook - The Federal Reserve's recent interest rate cuts and government policies may improve employment and income growth, but the effects of these cuts typically take 3 to 6 months to materialize [7] - The likelihood of further rate cuts in the first quarter remains low unless there is significant deterioration in employment or a notable drop in inflation, with market expectations leaning towards maintaining current rates in January [7]