摩根士丹利邢自强：中国每年理工科毕业生接近500万，超过欧洲和美国总和

Core Viewpoint - China is demonstrating "starry sea" breakthroughs in technological innovation, supported by three core advantages: industrial chain clusters, a surplus of STEM graduates, and a vast market scale, which are difficult for other economies to replicate [1][6]. Industrial Chain Clusters - In regions like the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, thousands of suppliers and engineers are available within a short distance, providing a competitive edge that countries like Mexico, India, and Southeast Asia lack, as they typically engage in only one segment of processing and design [3][8]. - China graduates nearly 5 million STEM students annually, surpassing the total from Europe and the United States combined [3][8]. AI Sector - Chinese companies are achieving technological catch-up in AI with only 1/10 of the investment compared to the U.S., and they account for a significant portion of global AI talent [3][8]. - The focus is on deploying lightweight models for rapid commercial application, which aligns with China's economic realities, and there is optimism that computational limitations will be overcome [3][8]. - Projections indicate that by 2027-2028, China could achieve a 50% domestic production rate in GPU technology [3][8]. Robotics and Automotive Industry - China holds a 60% share of the global leading companies in humanoid robotics, benefiting from cost advantages in components like arms and hydraulic systems [4][9]. - It is estimated that 30% of the global increase in humanoid robot supply may come from China [4][9]. Smart Driving and Biopharmaceuticals - China leads globally in smart driving adoption and is experiencing explosive growth in the biopharmaceutical sector [4][10]. - By 2040, it is projected that over one-third of new innovative drugs approved by the U.S. FDA will originate from China, marking a significant moment for the Chinese pharmaceutical industry [4][10]. Traditional Industries and Export Market - China monopolizes the global refining and processing of rare earths and lithium batteries, continuously enhancing its industrial chain competitiveness [4][10]. - Currently, China accounts for one-seventh of global exports, with expectations to rise to nearly one-sixth or more, potentially exceeding 17% in five years [4][10]. - The three core advantages and innovations in emerging industries are expected to solidify China's position in the global export market, which is anticipated to remain a crucial pillar for economic growth in the coming years [5][10].