探寻中国市场的活力与秩序

Economic Overview - In the past year, China's economy faced challenges, with total retail sales of consumer goods exceeding 45.6 trillion yuan, growing by 4.0%, indicating that consumption remains a stabilizing force for the economy [1] - By the end of December, the number of business entities in China reached 195 million, with over 100 million tax-related entities, reflecting sustained market vitality [1] Consumer Trends - Consumer activity is shifting from traditional shopping to experiential scenarios, such as enjoying hot pot while watching movies or visiting stores for service experiences, indicating a new market dynamic focused on quality and experience [1] - The pursuit of quality and experience has become a new driving force in the market, presenting challenges for regulators [1] Platform Economy Regulation - The competition among platforms like JD.com, Taobao, and Meituan in the food delivery sector has led to significant investments, with nearly 100 billion yuan spent in just six months, resulting in improved service quality and better treatment for delivery personnel [2][3] - Regulatory bodies have played a crucial role in maintaining fair competition, shifting the focus from subsidy wars to enhancing service quality and ensuring food safety [2][3] Addressing Deep-rooted Issues - Regulatory efforts in 2025 targeted the "algorithmic hegemony" and unreasonable rules imposed by platforms, leading to the cancellation of controversial refund policies and the establishment of fairer trading conditions [3] - Major platforms committed to creating a win-win ecosystem for consumers, merchants, and delivery personnel, with initiatives to eliminate penalties for late deliveries and improve social security coverage for riders [3][4] Market Corrections - In 2025, major food delivery platforms collectively reduced merchant commissions by 52 million yuan, addressing issues of excessive fees and fines, thereby sharing growth benefits more equitably among ecosystem participants [4] - Regulatory measures included the introduction of compliance management documents and guidelines to enhance the scientific and standardized operation of online markets [5] Combatting "Involution" Competition - "Involution" competition, characterized by price wars and product homogeneity, has been identified as a significant challenge, prompting regulatory focus on promoting high-value competition rather than low-level price cuts [6][7] - The government has initiated actions against substandard products and unfair practices, with a focus on maintaining market integrity and safety [6][7] Food Safety and Standards - The "pre-prepared food" controversy highlighted the need for unified national standards in the food industry, leading to accelerated efforts in standard formulation and enhanced food safety regulations [9][10] - Regulatory bodies are emphasizing comprehensive food safety oversight across the supply chain, addressing public concerns about food safety and ensuring transparency in food production [10][11] Conclusion - The collective efforts in 2025 aimed to create a fairer and more trustworthy market environment, allowing all value-creating entities and workers to thrive, ultimately leading to a balance between market vitality and order [12]