中经评论：“公共服务随人走”意味什么

Core Viewpoint - The State Council's recent meeting emphasizes the transition from household registration-based public service provision to residence-based services, aiming to address the urgent needs of the unregistered resident population and ensure equal access to public services such as education, healthcare, and social security [1][2]. Group 1: Policy Implications - The shift to providing basic public services based on residence will break the rigid link between public services and household registration, allowing unregistered residents to enjoy the same benefits as registered residents [1]. - The urbanization rate of the permanent population in China is projected to reach 67% by 2024, while the household registration urbanization rate remains below 50%, indicating a significant gap of nearly 18 percentage points [1]. - Approximately 170 million individuals, including migrant workers and their families, are part of the unregistered population, primarily engaged in labor-intensive industries such as manufacturing, construction, and services [1][2]. Group 2: Economic Considerations - Implementing residence-based public services is crucial for unleashing domestic demand and increasing investment in human capital, as studies show that consumption per capita increases by 30% when farmers transition to urban residents, and another 30% after settling in cities [3]. - A 1% increase in urbanization rate can generate over 200 billion yuan in consumer demand and more than 1 trillion yuan in investment demand [3]. Group 3: Targeted Measures - The meeting outlines targeted policies to address pressing issues in education, housing, and social security, including improving educational policies for migrant children, expanding public rental housing, and enhancing basic medical security [3][4]. - Emphasis is placed on a scientific and regionally tailored approach to policy implementation, allowing for local exploration while maintaining a unified national policy framework [3][4]. Group 4: Urban Development and Governance - The reform signifies a deeper shift in urban development philosophy, moving from GDP and large projects to focusing on human attraction, livability, and overall happiness [4]. - Cities that can create an inclusive and equitable environment will have a competitive edge in talent acquisition and long-term resource development [4].