晚播小麦长势如何 春季田管如何加强——专访农业农村部小麦防灾减灾专家指导组顾问郭天财

Core Viewpoint - The current wheat production in Henan province is characterized by a significant area of late sowing and a high proportion of third-class seedlings, with overall growth conditions better than expected due to favorable weather following sowing [2][3]. Group 1: Current Characteristics of Wheat Production - The late sowing area is large, with a high proportion of third-class seedlings and complex seedling types [2] - The sowing was delayed by 10-15 days on average due to persistent rainy weather last autumn, with some areas delayed by up to 20-30 days [2] - Despite the late sowing, favorable weather conditions since sowing have improved seedling growth, leading to a "small but strong" seedling status [2] Group 2: Perspectives on Wheat Production Situation - Caution is advised; while historical data shows late sowing can lead to increased yields, the outcome depends on two critical variables: scientific management of wheat fields and favorable weather conditions [3] Group 3: Favorable and Unfavorable Factors for Wheat Production - Favorable factors include sufficient soil moisture, high seed quality due to good moisture conditions, and favorable temperatures for root development and safe overwintering [4] - Unfavorable factors include risks of extreme weather events such as strong cold snaps and droughts, challenges from early spring conditions, and increased pest and disease pressures due to higher winter temperatures [4] Group 4: Key Measures for Spring Management - Spring management is crucial for determining yield potential; key measures include temperature maintenance, moisture conservation, and promoting early growth [5] - Timely soil management practices such as rolling and hoeing after soil thawing can enhance temperature and moisture retention [5] - Fertilization and irrigation should be carefully timed to avoid negative impacts on soil temperature and seedling recovery [5] - Monitoring and controlling pests and diseases is essential, with attention to weather conditions to prevent chemical damage [5] - Precautions against late spring cold snaps are necessary, particularly in April, with timely irrigation and soil management recommended [5]