观察者网2026答案秀｜全球AI治理：是走向“两极对抗”，还是“多边共治”？

Core Viewpoint - The discussion highlights the divergent paths of AI development between China and the United States, emphasizing the underlying ideological and technical differences that may lead to distinct governance and ethical frameworks in AI [1][5][7]. Group 1: AI Development Paths - The emergence of ChatGPT and DeepSeek represents the contrasting AI development trajectories of the US and China, with the former focusing on "brute force computing" and the latter on "smart computing" [3][5]. - The US relies on a "material science paradigm" for AI, while China is moving towards an "information science paradigm," indicating a fundamental scientific divergence [6][11]. - The differences in AI development are not only technical but also rooted in deeper philosophical beliefs about the relationship between technology and ethics [7][11]. Group 2: Ethical and Governance Considerations - The ethical implications of AI development are significant, with differing views on whether technology should be pursued without ethical constraints or if ethical considerations should be integrated into technological design [7][12]. - The urgency for global cooperation in AI governance is highlighted, as failure to establish common standards could lead to fragmentation similar to historical colonial conflicts [13][19]. - The need for a collaborative approach to AI governance is emphasized, with a focus on embedding human values into AI systems to prevent potential negative outcomes [17][19]. Group 3: Strategic and Economic Implications - The US's "small yard, high wall" policy is pushing Chinese AI companies to adopt alternative, more innovative paths, potentially leading to a competitive advantage in the long run [8][10]. - The discussion suggests that while the US aims for advanced general AI, China is focusing on practical applications of AI across various industries, which may lead to more sustainable development [19][20]. - The concept of a "community of shared future for mankind" is proposed as a framework for fostering cooperation in AI development, which could enhance collective benefits [19][20].