如何强化企业科技创新主体地位？专访科技部部长阴和俊

Core Viewpoint - The recent Central Economic Work Conference emphasizes the integration of technological and industrial innovation as a key focus for economic work in 2026, highlighting the importance of strengthening the role of enterprises in technological innovation [1][3]. Group 1: Enterprise R&D Investment - In 2024, China's enterprise R&D expenditure is projected to reach 2.8 trillion yuan, representing an 8.8% increase from the previous year [3]. - Enterprises account for 77.1% of total R&D spending, making them the primary driver of R&D growth in the country [3]. - The number of unicorn companies in China has reached 372, accounting for over 30% of the global total [3]. Group 2: Policy and Institutional Support - The Ministry of Science and Technology plans to enhance the institutional framework to solidify the role of enterprises in technological innovation, including listening to enterprise opinions in major strategic decisions [5][6]. - A mechanism will be established to allow enterprise projects to ascend to national project status, promoting collaboration between leading tech enterprises, universities, and research institutions [6][10]. Group 3: Financial Support for Innovation - A series of policies aimed at developing a robust technology finance system have been introduced, including an increase in the scale of re-loans for technological innovation and the launch of a "technology board" in the bond market [8]. - The government will continue to enhance financial support for technology-oriented SMEs and facilitate the conversion of technological achievements [8][10]. Group 4: Tax Incentives and Results Transformation - The Ministry of Science and Technology will improve the implementation of tax incentives for technological innovation, increasing the proportion of R&D expenses that can be deducted [10]. - Efforts will be made to enhance the capacity of enterprises to absorb and transform technological achievements, accelerating the application of significant technological results [10].