《电力中长期市场基本规则》解读：绘制电力市场中长期交易新蓝图

Core Viewpoint - The newly issued "Basic Rules for Long-term Electricity Market" represents a systematic and forward-looking top-level design aimed at promoting the healthy, orderly, and efficient development of the long-term electricity market in alignment with the dual carbon goals [1] Group 1: Systematic Restructuring - The name change from "Basic Rules for Long-term Electricity Trading" to "Rules" signifies a qualitative change in content [3] - The old document focused more on specific trading behaviors, while the new rules establish a complete market ecosystem, including market participants, risk prevention, and legal responsibilities [4] - This shift reflects a transition from managing specific transactions to constructing a market governance system, providing a solid institutional guarantee for a standardized, transparent, and reliable market operation [4] Group 2: Conceptual Innovation - The new rules explicitly define new types of operating entities, including virtual power plants, load aggregators, smart microgrids, distributed photovoltaics, and energy storage [5] - The previous document lacked clear definitions and regulations for these entities, but the new rules clarify their rights and obligations, particularly regarding participation in green electricity trading [6] - This recognition of distributed resources and flexibility resource aggregators as legitimate market participants is a crucial step in building a new electricity system [6] Group 3: Mechanism Deepening - Green electricity trading has been integrated into the main rules rather than remaining an independent document, enhancing its market status [8] - The new rules incorporate green electricity trading as a core trading category, aligning it with conventional long-term trading in terms of pricing mechanisms, contract management, and settlement rules [8] - This integration promotes the marketization of green electricity trading and ensures that environmental values are effectively transmitted and realized through market mechanisms [8] Group 4: Technical Enhancements - The new rules emphasize continuous daily operations and standardization, raising the operational foundation of the market [9] - The previous document had vague requirements regarding trading frequency and system continuity, while the new rules specify daily continuous operation requirements for trading platforms [10][11] - High-frequency and continuous trading is essential for price discovery and risk management, and the new rules lay a solid foundation for seamless integration with the spot market [11]