金观平：“人户分离”也可同享城市公共服务

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the need for equal access to basic public services for non-registered residents in urban areas, highlighting the government's commitment to address their urgent needs [1] - Basic public services include education, employment, healthcare, elderly care, and housing, which are essential for urban living [1] - The urbanization rate in China increased from 53.1% in 2012 to 67% in 2024, yet the proportion of registered urban residents remains around 50%, indicating a significant gap in service access for 250 million migrant workers [1] Group 2 - Migrant populations are viewed as assets for economic and social development, with a 1% increase in urbanization potentially generating over 200 billion yuan in annual consumer demand [2] - Many cities have begun to remove household registration restrictions, but this must be accompanied by improvements in basic public services, particularly in education and healthcare for relocated families [2] - The concept of "services following people" requires a realignment of financial resources and planning for public facilities, which varies significantly across different cities [2] Group 3 - There are practical challenges in providing basic public services based on residency, including policy discrepancies, resource imbalances, and insufficient inter-departmental coordination [3] - Addressing these challenges necessitates a refined fiscal transfer payment distribution mechanism and ensuring that public services are portable and accessible to all populations, including flexible workers [3] - The focus of reforms should align with public concerns, ensuring that financial resources are effectively utilized to support new urban residents [3]