国际观察丨欧洲“旅行式派兵”和“观望式反制”的背后

Core Viewpoint - The military exercise "Arctic Endurance" conducted by seven European countries in response to the U.S. government's threats regarding Greenland highlights Europe's reliance on the U.S. and its inability to assert strategic autonomy [1][2][7]. Group 1: Military Response - A total of 37 soldiers from seven European nations participated in the "Arctic Endurance" military exercise in Greenland, which was criticized by Italy's Defense Minister as merely a "trip" [1]. - The European Union held an emergency meeting to discuss potential countermeasures against U.S. tariffs, with decisions on implementing retaliatory measures postponed until February 1 [2][4]. Group 2: Economic Measures - One proposed countermeasure is the activation of the "trade rocket launcher," which could restrict market access and investment activities, but it has never been used since its introduction at the end of 2023 [2]. - Another option discussed is to restart a tariff list targeting $93 billion worth of U.S. goods, which had been shelved after a trade agreement was reached in July of the previous year [2]. Group 3: Strategic Autonomy - The situation surrounding Greenland has exposed the limitations of Europe's proclaimed "strategic autonomy," as it struggles to maintain unity and effectively respond to U.S. pressures [7][10]. - European nations, including Italy, have shown reluctance to participate in military actions, indicating a lack of consensus and commitment to collective defense [10]. Group 4: U.S.-Europe Relations - Experts suggest that the U.S. is creating a fundamental rift within NATO by simplifying ally relationships to one of coercion and submission, undermining the alliance's foundational values [4][6]. - The U.S. military threats regarding Greenland have led to a crisis in the transatlantic alliance, with trust and commitments being seriously questioned [6].