中国经济“十四五”收官答卷透视

Economic Overview - In 2025, China's GDP surpassed 140 trillion yuan, marking a 5.0% increase from the previous year, solidifying its position as the world's second-largest economy [3][4] - The average annual growth rate during the 14th Five-Year Plan period was 5.4%, with per capita GDP exceeding $13,000 for three consecutive years [4][5] - China's contribution to global economic growth is estimated to be around 30%, reinforcing its role as a reliable "driving force" and "stabilizer" for the world economy [4][10] Economic Structure and Performance - Industrial added value for large-scale industries grew by 5.9%, while the urban unemployment rate averaged 5.2% [5] - High-tech manufacturing's added value accounted for 17.1% of total industrial added value, with final consumption contributing over 50% to economic growth [5][12] - Retail sales of consumer goods exceeded 50 trillion yuan, with service retail growing by 5.5% [12] Innovation and Development - R&D expenditure intensity reached 2.8%, surpassing the OECD average for the first time, and China ranked in the top ten for innovation index globally [14][19] - The production of civil drones and industrial robots increased by 37.3% and 28%, respectively, showcasing advancements in low-altitude economy and intelligent manufacturing [15][17] Green Development - Clean energy generation from hydropower, nuclear, wind, and solar sources grew by 8.8%, with non-fossil energy consumption rising by approximately 2 percentage points [21][23] - New energy vehicle production and sales exceeded 16 million units, maintaining a global leadership position for 11 consecutive years [21] Policy and Economic Stability - A series of proactive policies were implemented to stabilize employment and promote high-quality development, enhancing the economic support framework [9][10] - The agricultural sector saw grain production increase from 1.37 trillion jin in 2021 to 1.43 trillion jin in 2025, ensuring food security [23][25] Future Outlook - The economic foundation remains strong, with expectations for continued growth and stability in the upcoming 15th Five-Year Plan [26][30] - International organizations have raised their growth forecasts for China, indicating confidence in the country's economic resilience and quality-focused growth model [10][30]