“稳、进、新、韧”——四个关键字透视2025年中国经济

Economic Overview - In 2025, China's GDP reached 140,187.9 billion yuan, growing by 5.0% year-on-year, marking a significant milestone for the economy [1] - The urban unemployment rate averaged 5.2%, indicating overall employment stability [1] - China's foreign exchange reserves exceeded 3.3 trillion USD, reflecting strong trade performance [1] Consumer Market - The total retail sales of consumer goods surpassed 50 trillion yuan, with a growth of 3.7% compared to the previous year, positioning China among the top global retail markets [2] - Consumer market stability was supported by various policies aimed at boosting consumption, leading to an enhanced supply system and optimized consumption structure [2] Industrial Production - The industrial added value reached 41.7 trillion yuan, growing by 5.8%, contributing 35% to economic growth, an increase of 1.8 percentage points from the previous year [2] - The industrial sector is undergoing structural adjustments amid complex external environments, necessitating a focus on new development paradigms [2] Economic Structure and Innovation - The proportion of high-tech manufacturing value added reached 17.1% of total industrial value added, with final consumption contributing over 50% to economic growth [3] - R&D expenditure intensity reached 2.8%, surpassing the OECD average for the first time, indicating a strong focus on innovation [3][4] Technological Advancements - Total R&D expenditure reached 39,262 billion yuan, maintaining China's position as the second-largest globally [4] - China became the first country with over 5 million valid domestic invention patents, and it led the world in PCT international patent applications for six consecutive years [4] Digital Economy - The added value of the digital product manufacturing industry grew by 9.3%, while the information transmission, software, and IT services sector increased by 11.1% [5] - Online retail sales rose by 8.6%, driven by the expansion of new consumption models and scenarios [5] Green Energy - Clean energy generation from hydropower, nuclear power, wind, and solar sources increased by 8.8% [5] - The production and sales of new energy vehicles exceeded 16 million units, showcasing the growing competitiveness of the new energy sector [5] Economic Resilience - Despite global economic challenges, China's economy demonstrated resilience, achieving significant growth and stability [6] - China's contribution to global economic growth is projected to be around 30%, with a diversified foreign trade structure emerging [6]