黑土地保护需因地制宜

Core Insights - The research led by the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences indicates that black soil protection and utilization technology models are regionally suitable and should be selected based on specific areas [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The project team integrated 105 papers and 1104 field trial data to assess the impact of fertilization management, tillage methods, and planting systems on crop yields, revealing an overall average yield increase of 36.9% for corn and soybeans due to soil management measures [1] - The combination of chemical and organic fertilizers showed the most significant effect, with a yield increase of 42.2%, while deep tillage and rotary tillage increased yields by 18.8% and 17.1%, respectively [1] - No-till farming showed limited effectiveness in the cold and wet conditions of Northeast China, with only a 2.2% yield increase [1] Group 2: Crop Rotation and Soil Management - The study found that corn-soybean rotation is more advantageous than monoculture, with specific regions like southern Heilongjiang, northern Jilin, and eastern Sanjiang Plain showing significant yield potential [2] - The impact of straw return on crop yield was quantified, with an overall yield increase of about 5%, where straw covering averaged a 5% increase and straw mixed with soil averaged a 4% increase [2] - Different soil management measures exhibit spatial variability in their applicability across Northeast black soil areas, with deep tillage and crop rotation being widely applicable, while no-till is effective only in limited regions [2]