叶兴庆：以脱贫攻坚创新成果促农业农村现代化

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant achievement of China in eradicating absolute poverty by the end of 2020, marking a milestone in the nation's development history, and outlines the importance of consolidating these gains during the transition period leading up to 2026 [1][2][3]. Summary by Sections Historical Significance and Global Value - The eradication of absolute poverty is a milestone event in the history of the Chinese nation, with the Communist Party of China leading efforts to improve living standards and social productivity [2]. - By the end of 2012, there were still 98.99 million rural poor, representing a poverty rate of 10.2%, which was a major shortcoming in achieving the first centenary goal [2]. Achievements in Poverty Alleviation - By the end of 2020, all 98.99 million rural poor were lifted out of poverty, with 832 impoverished counties removed from the poverty list and 128,000 impoverished villages eliminated [3]. - Since the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan, over 7 million individuals have been identified for assistance to prevent a return to poverty, with more than 30 million people from impoverished backgrounds maintaining stable employment [3]. Global Comparison - China's success in poverty alleviation contrasts sharply with the global situation, where the World Bank estimates that by 2024, around 692 million people will still live in extreme poverty [4]. - China achieved its poverty reduction goals ten years ahead of the UN's 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, providing a model for global poverty alleviation efforts [4]. Practical Experience and Theoretical Framework - The success in poverty alleviation has led to the development of a unique Chinese theory on poverty reduction, which emphasizes narrowing urban-rural and regional development gaps [5]. - The approach includes a phased and targeted strategy, adapting to economic and social development patterns [6]. Investment Strategies - The strategy combines investments in infrastructure and human capital, with significant financial resources allocated to poverty alleviation, including nearly 1.6 trillion yuan in special funds [7]. - During the transition period, continued financial support and investment in education and health services are crucial for sustaining poverty alleviation efforts [8]. Ecological and Regional Development - The strategy also focuses on leveraging ecological resources in impoverished areas, promoting sustainable development through ecological compensation and resource utilization [9]. - The relocation of impoverished populations to more viable areas has been a key measure, with over 3.5 million people relocated to improve living conditions [10]. Future Directions for Agricultural Modernization - The article outlines the need for ongoing support for rural revitalization and agricultural modernization, emphasizing the importance of integrating poverty alleviation into broader rural development strategies [11][12]. - Continuous monitoring and targeted assistance are essential to prevent a return to poverty and ensure that previously impoverished areas keep pace with national development [13]. Enhancing Agricultural and Rural Development - The goal is to transform agriculture into a modern industry, improve rural living conditions, and ensure farmers' income stability, with a target to reduce the urban-rural income ratio to 2.34:1 by 2024 [14].