动力电池新规如何破局“退役潮”？

Core Viewpoint - The rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry is leading to an accelerated "retirement wave" of power batteries, prompting the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) and other departments to issue interim management measures for the recycling and comprehensive utilization of used power batteries [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Context - Power batteries are the core component of new energy vehicles, and when their capacity declines to a certain level, they enter the retirement phase and require recycling [2]. - By 2025, China's new energy vehicle production and sales are expected to grow by 29% and 28.2% year-on-year, respectively, with new energy vehicle sales reaching 47.9% of total automobile sales [2]. - Research indicates that China will enter a large-scale retirement phase for power batteries, with an estimated generation of over 1 million tons of used batteries by 2030 [2]. Group 2: Environmental Concerns - Used power batteries contain valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium, as well as toxic substances like fluorinated compounds, which pose environmental risks if not properly recycled [2]. - The current recycling system has shown positive results, with a projected 32.9% year-on-year increase in the comprehensive utilization of used power batteries by 2025, and leading companies achieving international standards in metal recovery rates [2]. Group 3: Regulatory Framework - The newly released management measures significantly enhance legal constraints, providing a basis for strengthening supervision and management of battery recycling [3]. - The measures focus on four core tasks: information traceability management, recycling management, comprehensive utilization management, and supervision and legal responsibilities [4]. Group 4: Implementation Strategies - The management measures aim to clarify the responsibilities and obligations of various stakeholders in the recycling chain, ensuring a seamless connection between different stages of battery recycling [4]. - A digital identification system for power batteries will be established to monitor the entire lifecycle and facilitate information traceability [4]. Group 5: Prohibited Practices - The management measures set a "red line" for comprehensive utilization, explicitly prohibiting the use of retired batteries in electric bicycles and other areas banned by laws and regulations [5]. Group 6: Future Directions - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment plans to enhance efforts in three areas: promoting low-carbon competitiveness in battery production, ensuring controllable waste flows, and enforcing strict regulations on dismantling and processing enterprises [6][7]. - The Market Supervision Administration will accelerate the development of standards for battery recycling and utilization, ensuring alignment with industry policies for high-quality development [7].