一种新型的“人才红利”正在显现

Group 1 - China's economic growth has historically benefited from a demographic dividend, characterized by a large proportion of the working-age population and a low dependency ratio [1] - The traditional demographic dividend, driven by a large pool of low-cost young labor, is gradually diminishing, while a new "talent dividend" is emerging, indicating a shift from quantity to quality in the population [1] - The average years of education for the working-age population in China has reached 11.2 years, with new labor force entrants averaging 14.3 years of education [1] Group 2 - China has established the world's largest engineering talent pool, with nearly 26,000 engineering master's and doctoral students recruited through industry-academia collaboration, over 2,000 of whom have completed their studies and entered the workforce [4] - The rapid improvement in labor quality effectively offsets the impact of declining quantity, creating a "quality demographic dividend" centered on high-quality labor, engineering resources, and a large consumer market [5] - The potential of the talent dividend remains significant despite the overall decline in population, with recent educational advancements leading to a rapid increase in the number and structure of individuals receiving higher education [5]