东西问丨关志伟：全球产业变局下，应用型人才如何“破壁出圈”？

Core Viewpoint - The global manufacturing industry is accelerating its transformation towards high-end, intelligent, and green development, making the cultivation of application-oriented talents a common educational challenge for countries. The Tianjin Sino-German University of Applied Sciences serves as an important observation sample in this context, showcasing the localization of the German "dual system" education model in China [3][4]. Group 1: Educational Model and Localization - The core concept learned from the German model is the deep involvement of industries and enterprises in the design of talent cultivation, which has been localized in China through a combination of imitation and innovation [4]. - The university has established a talent cultivation pathway that connects vocational training to higher education, maintaining synchronization with industrial development [4][9]. - The school emphasizes a "rigid" adherence to standards while also incorporating "flexible" adaptability to industry changes, allowing for a dynamic response to emerging fields such as intelligent manufacturing and new energy vehicles [6][9]. Group 2: Curriculum and Dynamic Updates - The university implements a systematic restructuring and agile iteration of talent cultivation plans, including courses on artificial intelligence and practical applications [8]. - A dynamic case database covering 732 industry practice cases has been established, allowing for real-world problems to be integrated into the curriculum [8]. - Digital technologies such as VR and digital twins are utilized to create immersive learning experiences, enabling students to practice in a safe virtual environment before applying skills in real-world settings [8]. Group 3: Unique Chinese Characteristics - The educational model integrates craftsmanship spirit and engineering ethics throughout the learning process, fostering qualities such as dedication and precision [9]. - A sustainable innovation mechanism is established through deep integration of industry and education, allowing real industry problems to be brought into the educational environment [9]. - The university's rapid response capability to industrial changes addresses potential lag issues associated with the German model, leveraging China's vast industrial scale and fast technological upgrades [9][10]. Group 4: International Collaboration and Adaptability - The university has developed a "menu-style" cooperation model that is adaptable for different educational contexts, allowing for modular course offerings and collaborative training programs [10]. - In international collaborations, such as the one in Nigeria, the university has successfully implemented a distributed architecture for educational and training centers, resulting in the development of bilingual courses and significant student enrollment [12].