Weekly Economic Snapshot: Consumer Prices Ease as Margin Debt Hits Historic Highs

Economic Overview - The U.S. economy shows signs of cooling inflation and resilient consumer activity, with consumer price growth at a six-month low in December and retail sales rebounding [1] - Investor sentiment is high, indicated by record-high margin debt levels, suggesting increased market risk-taking [1] Inflation Dynamics - Consumer inflation decreased for the second consecutive month in December, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) at 2.68%, down from 2.74% in November, and a monthly increase of 0.3% [2] - Core inflation slightly increased from 2.63% in November to 2.64% in December, with a monthly rise of 0.2% [2] - Conversely, the Producer Price Index (PPI) rose unexpectedly to 2.95% in November, up from 2.80% in October, indicating potential future consumer inflation [3] Consumer Spending - Retail sales increased by 0.6% in November, surpassing the 0.5% forecast, marking a recovery from a revised decline of -0.1% in October [4] - Core sales, excluding autos, rose by 0.5%, exceeding the projected 0.4% growth, although control purchases rose only 0.3%, below the 0.4% forecast [5] Margin Debt Insights - Margin debt reached a record high of $1.23 trillion in December, marking an eighth consecutive monthly increase and a more than 30% surge over the past year [6][7] - High margin debt levels indicate strong investor confidence but also suggest increased market volatility and risk-taking behavior [7] Market Reactions - The S&P 500 reached a record high before ending the week with a 0.4% loss, while the SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY) fell by 0.3% [8] - The S&P Equal Weight Index increased by 0.7% from the previous week [8] Treasury Yields and Fed Outlook - The 10-year Treasury yield finished at 4.24%, and the 2-year note at 3.59%, with a 95% chance that the Fed will hold rates steady at the upcoming meeting [9]