【科技日报】基础研究进入“从0到1”突破期

Core Insights - In 2025, China's fundamental research is entering a breakthrough phase characterized by significant original achievements and increased funding, with basic research funding reaching a historical high of 7.08% of total R&D expenditure [1][7]. Group 1: Breakthroughs in Fundamental Research - China has made notable advancements in various fields, including the first successful thorium-uranium nuclear fuel conversion, solidifying its leadership in molten salt reactor research [2]. - The country continues to lead globally in high-quality scientific output, with multiple achievements setting international records and filling gaps in various fields [2]. - In space science, significant discoveries regarding the moon's evolution have been made, marking China's progress from isolated breakthroughs to systematic enhancements in research capabilities [3]. Group 2: Support from Major Scientific Facilities - The number of major scientific facilities in China exceeds 70, positioning the country among the world's leaders in both quantity and technology [5]. - Facilities like the Jiangmen Neutrino Experiment and the LHAASO cosmic ray observatory have produced groundbreaking results, enhancing the precision of neutrino oscillation measurements and solving long-standing cosmic mysteries [5]. - Major scientific infrastructures are recognized as crucial platforms for advancing fundamental research and driving innovation in particle physics and other fields [5]. Group 3: Strengthening the Research System - The Chinese government has prioritized enhancing fundamental research and original innovation capabilities as part of its economic and social development goals [6]. - Continuous improvements in the research system, a growing pool of young scientific talent, and stable funding are identified as key factors driving original innovation [6]. - The revised National Natural Science Foundation regulations aim to encourage original research and support the cultivation of young scientific talent [6]. Group 4: Investment in Research and Development - In 2025, total R&D expenditure in China reached 39,262 billion yuan, maintaining the second position globally, with basic research funding increasing from 6.91% to 7.08% of total R&D expenditure [7]. - Local governments are implementing policies to enhance basic research funding, incentivizing enterprises to increase their investment in fundamental research [7]. - The continuous optimization of the research system, increased funding, and the establishment of high-level support platforms are propelling China's fundamental research into a rapid development phase [7].