国际金融体系应满足发展需求 ——访世界经济论坛常务董事马修·布莱克

Core Insights - The global economy is facing significant challenges such as low growth, high debt, weak investment, and trade fragmentation, which are impacting both developed and developing nations. These issues are linked to the shortcomings of the current international financial system in meeting development needs [1] Group 1: Global Debt Issues - Global debt levels are persistently high, exceeding 235% of global GDP, with public debt reaching historical highs while private debt has decreased. This high debt restricts economic growth and resilience, limiting governments' ability to invest in long-term priorities [1][2] - The ongoing presence of debt creates pressure on the financial system, with limited access to affordable financing, slow debt restructuring processes, and uneven risk-sharing hindering inclusive and sustainable development [2] Group 2: Political Will and Reform - There are encouraging signs of political will, as evidenced by the outcomes of the 2025 UN Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development, which highlighted the need for increased private investment to promote sustainable development [2][3] - To translate political commitment into real change, new solutions must be developed, such as enhancing the availability of catalytic capital and risk-sharing tools from multilateral development banks [3] Group 3: Financial System Fragmentation - The increasing fragmentation of the financial system and cross-border capital barriers are causing new frictions, with the politicization of trade and investment deepening. This fragmentation raises costs and poses strategic risks to economic growth [4] - A core challenge is the mismatch between capital-rich regions and those in need, exacerbated by non-standardized structures and limited risk-sharing tools, alongside pressures on trust and information integrity in the digital financial landscape [4][5] Group 4: World Economic Forum's Role - The World Economic Forum brings together a complete ecosystem of global finance, facilitating dialogue among public and private sector leaders, academic experts, and technology pioneers to foster trust and collaboration for reform [5][6] - The 2026 annual meeting aims to prioritize environmental protection while promoting economic growth, facilitating dialogue to rebuild trust and coordinate efforts among key stakeholders [6]