就业难微观体感强烈？赵忠：就业阵痛期核心矛盾是结构性失衡

Core Viewpoint - The average urban survey unemployment rate in China is projected to be 5.2% in 2025, indicating a stable employment situation at the macro level, but individuals are feeling significant employment pressure at the micro level. The core contradiction of current employment pressure lies in structural issues, exacerbated by technological advancements and economic changes, necessitating macro reforms and lifelong learning for resolution [1][4][5]. Macro Economic Indicators - The 2025 target for the urban survey unemployment rate is around 5.5%, and achieving a 5.2% rate is considered commendable given the current economic context. However, this figure does not fully capture the employment landscape, as different demographics and regions face varying employment pressures, highlighting the need for more comprehensive evaluation metrics beyond just unemployment rates [4][6]. Structural Employment Issues - The primary challenge is structural, particularly concerning skill mismatches. Economic transitions and technological advancements are creating and eliminating jobs, leading to a disconnect between existing workforce skills and new job requirements. This is compounded by regional disparities in labor supply and demand, as well as a mismatch between job offerings and job seekers' preferences, especially among the youth [6][7]. Youth Employment and Education - The number of college graduates is expected to reach 12.22 million in 2025, with a projected increase to 12.7 million in 2026. The key to ensuring youth employment lies in adapting educational programs to meet market demands. The government should implement targeted policies to encourage employers to hire graduates, while educational institutions must align their curricula with labor market needs [9][10]. Age Discrimination and Career Development - The "35-year-old employment crisis" reflects a broader societal issue where workers face career stagnation and increased competition from younger individuals. This demographic often bears family pressures, making job transitions challenging. Addressing this requires collaborative efforts from society, businesses, and individuals to create equitable employment opportunities and promote lifelong learning [10][11]. Work-Life Balance and Employment Quality - There is a growing emphasis on work-life balance among younger generations, with a shift in focus towards the quality of employment rather than just job availability. The government has recognized the importance of high-quality employment, which includes maintaining a balance between work and personal life as a fundamental aspect of job quality [14][16]. AI and Employment Dynamics - The rapid advancement of AI technology poses both challenges and opportunities for employment. While some jobs may be at risk of automation, new roles are also emerging. The key lies in how AI is integrated into the workforce, emphasizing the need for continuous learning and adaptation among workers to remain competitive in an evolving job market [22][23].