以数字要素双向流动驱动城乡融合新发展

Core Viewpoint - Digitalization is a crucial force driving economic and social development, but the flow of factors between urban and rural areas is currently restricted, hindering comprehensive rural development [2]. Group 1: Digitalization and Factor Flow - New digital technologies such as big data, 5G, artificial intelligence, blockchain, and cloud computing are reshaping the flow of material factors between urban and rural areas, endowing this flow with intelligent characteristics [3]. - Data, as a new production factor, is contributing to the market input alongside traditional factors like land, labor, capital, and technology, thereby increasing the digital development gap between urban and rural areas [3]. Group 2: Digital Infrastructure Disparities - There is an imbalance in the material basis of digital infrastructure between urban and rural areas, with urban areas leveraging technological advantages to dominate rural data resources [4]. - The 56th "Statistical Report on Internet Development in China" indicates that urban internet users account for 71.3% of the total, while rural users only make up 28.7%, highlighting the digital divide [4]. Group 3: Labor Alienation Risks in Rural Digital Transformation - Data production in the digital society involves both professional and non-professional laborers, leading to a separation between data producers and data ownership [5]. - The 56th "Statistical Report on Internet Development in China" shows a significant disparity in digital literacy between urban and rural netizens, with 63.1% of urban users and only 31.7% of rural users proficient in any surveyed digital skills [5]. Group 4: Unidirectional Flow of Material Factors - The imbalance in data flow exacerbates the material disconnection between urban and rural areas, with urban areas attracting digital resources due to their economic and cultural advantages [6]. - In 2020, 841 counties in China had no social capital investment, representing 31.8% of effective sample counties, indicating a lack of investment in rural digital infrastructure [6]. Group 5: Modernization of Agriculture and Rural Areas - Addressing the "three rural issues" is a priority for the government, aiming to promote urban-rural integration and enhance rural living conditions [7]. - The digitalization of material factor flow is transforming urban-rural relationships, with data becoming a key element in this process [7]. Group 6: Promoting Bidirectional Flow of Digital Factors - The "Rural Comprehensive Revitalization Plan (2024-2027)" emphasizes urban-rural integration as a key strategy, aiming to create a unified land market and facilitate the flow of talent and technology to rural areas [8]. Group 7: Collaborative Development of Industries - Digital factors can enhance the efficiency of material circulation in rural agriculture, manufacturing, and distribution, necessitating digital transformation for agricultural advancement [9]. - The establishment of a unified market for urban-rural collaboration is essential for balanced resource allocation and flow [9]. Group 8: Empowering Farmers as Digital Subjects - Farmers' digital subjectivity is constrained by various factors, and enhancing their digital skills is crucial for achieving rural revitalization goals [10]. - The socialization of digital production materials and clear data ownership rights can empower farmers, ensuring their participation in the digital economy [10].