气候资讯｜1月全球前沿气候科学研究&极端天气气候事件

Group 1: Global Temperature Trends - The World Meteorological Organization confirmed that 2025 continued the trend of record-high global temperatures, with 2026 likely to remain at elevated levels [1] - The Copernicus Climate Change Service reported that 2025 was the third hottest year on record, with a three-year average global temperature exceeding pre-industrial levels by over 1.5 degrees Celsius for the first time [11] - The long-term global warming level is estimated to be approximately 1.4 degrees Celsius higher than pre-industrial levels [11] Group 2: Extreme Weather Events - The northern hemisphere is experiencing extreme weather, including severe snowstorms in Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula and the northeastern United States, as well as cold waves in Europe and heavy snowfall in Japan [1][5][7] - Australia faced a heatwave in early January 2026, with temperatures exceeding 40 degrees Celsius, leading to wildfires and power supply issues [13][15] - Continuous heavy rainfall in southern Africa has resulted in hundreds of deaths and significant flooding in Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe [21][22] Group 3: Ocean and Climate Impact - The global ocean's upper 2000 meters of heat content reached a record high for the ninth consecutive year, indicating a clear trend of ocean warming [19] - The warming oceans are affecting marine ecosystems and human societies, contributing to lower dissolved oxygen levels and increasing risks of marine heatwaves and coral bleaching [19] - The melting of the Greenland ice sheet may lead to regional sea level declines around Greenland due to land rebound, presenting new challenges for local infrastructure and food security [24] Group 4: Coral Reefs and Microbial Dynamics - Research indicates that coral reefs influence the composition and activity of surrounding microbial communities, shaping energy and nutrient flows in marine ecosystems [15] Group 5: Climate Research Initiatives - A new project named "Ice Memory" aims to store alpine ice core samples in Antarctica for future research, preserving historical climate data and the impact of human activities on climate [26][28]