中国改革现场丨可以抵押的猪牛羊

Core Viewpoint - The recent policy by the People's Bank of China and other authorities to allow livestock and agricultural facilities as collateral for loans aims to unlock the financial potential of rural assets, addressing long-standing financing challenges in agriculture [1][8]. Group 1: Policy Changes - The People's Bank of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and National Financial Regulatory Administration issued a notice to promote the use of agricultural facilities and livestock as legal collateral for loans [1][8]. - The policy aims to resolve issues related to the difficulty of asset valuation and the lack of liquidity in rural financing [8][16]. Group 2: Case Study - Livestock Financing - In Mengcheng County, Anhui Province, a cattle farm successfully obtained a loan of 2 million yuan by using livestock as collateral, a process previously deemed impossible [1][5]. - The local bank introduced an "insurance + credit" model, allowing farmers to use livestock insurance as collateral, thus reducing financing difficulties [5][7]. - The bank provided loans totaling 35 million yuan to approximately 35 livestock farmers in Mengcheng County, demonstrating the effectiveness of the new financing model [7][12]. Group 3: Challenges in Agricultural Financing - Traditional financing methods for agriculture have been limited, relying on credit loans and government guarantees, which are not sustainable for new agricultural entities [4][8]. - The risk associated with livestock financing, such as disease outbreaks, has made banks hesitant to accept live animals as collateral [4][8]. Group 4: Technological Innovations - The new policy encourages the use of digital technologies like electronic ear tags and biometric identification to establish ownership and value for livestock, addressing the challenges of asset identification and valuation [8][16]. - A comprehensive system combining technology and regulation is proposed to facilitate the identification, tracking, and risk management of agricultural assets [13][16]. Group 5: Case Study - Flower Farming Financing - In Kunming, Yunnan Province, flower farmers face high costs for greenhouse construction, which cannot be used as collateral due to lack of ownership documentation [9][10]. - Local financial institutions have begun to accept land use rights and attached structures as collateral, enabling flower farmers to secure loans [14][15]. - By 2025, the Kunming Rural Credit Cooperative provided 717 million yuan in loans to flower farmers, showcasing the potential of the new financing model [14][16].