两院院士评出2025中国十大科技进展：“人造太阳”创世界纪录等入选

Core Insights - The announcement of the 2025 Top Ten Scientific Advances in China highlights significant achievements in various fields, including nuclear fusion, artificial intelligence, and advanced medical technologies [1][9]. Group 1: Nuclear Energy and Fusion - The Chinese "artificial sun" (EAST) achieved a world record by maintaining a temperature of 100 million degrees Celsius for 1066 seconds, marking a significant leap from basic science to engineering practice in fusion energy research [1][3]. - The thorium molten salt reactor, developed by the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, successfully converted thorium into uranium fuel, becoming the only operational molten salt reactor utilizing thorium, thus reinforcing China's leadership in this research area [3][5]. Group 2: Artificial Intelligence - DeepSeek, a company established just over a year ago, launched a new generation AI model R1, which matches the performance of OpenAI's models while achieving significantly lower training costs and being fully open-sourced, creating a major impact in the global AI landscape [3]. Group 3: Medical Innovations - A high-precision AI diagnostic tool for predicting liver cancer recurrence, developed by a research team from the University of Science and Technology of China, achieved an accuracy rate of 82.2% and was featured on the cover of Nature, marking a new direction in computational tumor immunology [5][6]. - The "North Brain No. 1" system, a wireless brain-computer interface, successfully helped patients with speech loss due to ALS regain communication abilities, representing a significant advancement in neurotechnology [6]. Group 4: Quantum Computing - The "Zu Chongzhi III" superconducting quantum computing prototype was developed, demonstrating a processing speed that is a trillion times faster than the fastest supercomputers, showcasing significant advancements in quantum computing capabilities [6][8]. Group 5: Hydrogen Production and Environmental Technology - A new hydrogen production method was developed by a team from Peking University, which eliminates carbon dioxide emissions at the source, contributing to zero-carbon hydrogen production [8]. - The "Black Soil Granary" technology campaign achieved breakthroughs in black soil protection, supporting national strategies for sustainable agricultural practices [8]. Group 6: Communication Technology - A joint team from Peking University and City University of Hong Kong developed an ultra-broadband optoelectronic integrated system for 6G communication, enabling high-speed wireless communication across all frequency bands, which will enhance the reliability and intelligence of future wireless networks [8].