病死率在40%以上！一图读懂尼帕病毒有多危险

Core Viewpoint - The Nipah virus outbreak in West Bengal, India, has confirmed five cases, with one patient in critical condition, prompting government measures to contain the spread [1] Group 1: Outbreak Details - The first confirmed cases were two healthcare workers at a private hospital near Kolkata, likely infected from a deceased patient with severe respiratory symptoms [1] - Nearly a hundred individuals have been asked to quarantine as part of the containment efforts [1] - The West Bengal government has requested multiple zoos to conduct sampling tests on captive bats [1] Group 2: Virus Characteristics - The Nipah virus can be transmitted from bats to humans, with pigs as intermediate hosts, through contact with bat excreta or contaminated feed [3] - Human-to-human transmission is possible but relatively low, primarily occurring through close contact with infected individuals [4] Group 3: Symptoms and Prevention - Symptoms of Nipah virus infection can range from asymptomatic to severe neurological and respiratory diseases, with a typical incubation period of 4 to 14 days [5] - Key symptoms include high fever, severe headache, neurological symptoms, respiratory issues, and gastrointestinal symptoms [5] - Effective prevention measures include reducing contact with bats, managing livestock hygiene, personal protective equipment usage, and seeking medical attention upon symptom onset [6] Group 4: Regional and International Response - Since 1998, several countries, including India, have reported Nipah virus outbreaks, with India experiencing multiple cases since 2001 [7] - Thailand has implemented comprehensive screening for flights from West Bengal to prevent the virus's entry, with measures including health declarations and temperature checks for arriving passengers [8] - The Thai government has urged the public to adhere to health guidelines to mitigate the risk of infection [8]