从“三驾马车”看2025中国经济高质量收官的内生逻辑与外部意义

Group 1: Consumption as the Main Engine - Consumption has become a stabilizing force for economic growth, contributing 52.0% to GDP in 2025, with retail sales reaching 50.12 trillion yuan, a 3.7% increase year-on-year [2][3] - Service consumption is expanding and improving in quality, with service retail sales growing by 5.5%, outpacing goods retail sales, and the share of service consumption in total spending reaching 46.1% [3][4] - Online retail sales reached 15.97 trillion yuan, growing by 8.6%, indicating that digital channels are enhancing accessibility and efficiency in consumption [4][5] Group 2: Investment Quality Improvement - Fixed asset investment totaled 48.52 trillion yuan, down 3.8%, but excluding real estate, the decline was only 0.5%, indicating a focus on manufacturing upgrades and equipment renewal [6][7] - Investment in equipment and tools grew by 11.8%, reflecting a shift towards efficiency rather than mere expansion, with a focus on high-end, intelligent, and green technologies [7][8] - High-tech investment saw significant growth, with information services up 28.4% and aerospace manufacturing up 16.9%, indicating a shift towards systemic innovation and capital support for new productivity [8] Group 3: Foreign Trade Stability and Quality Improvement - Total goods trade reached 45.47 trillion yuan, growing by 3.8%, with exports increasing by 6.1% and imports by 0.5%, demonstrating resilience in a complex external environment [9][10] - The share of private enterprises in total trade rose to 57.3%, indicating a strengthening of market-driven entities in stabilizing foreign trade [9] - High-tech product exports grew by 13.2%, enhancing the competitive advantage of China's foreign trade, which is shifting from cost and scale efficiency to technology and delivery capabilities [10]