中国实践中的利益协调：主体利益共生与算法监管

Core Insights - The article discusses China's unique governance approach in balancing fairness and efficiency in the digital economy, emphasizing institutional innovation and technological governance to create a symbiotic relationship among various stakeholders [1]. Group 1: Institutional Innovation - The foundation of China's governance practice begins with the restructuring of property rights and distribution patterns, focusing on mixed ownership reform and data rights [1]. - Mixed ownership reform serves as a crucial measure to connect public ownership with market economy, particularly evident in the digital infrastructure sector [2]. - The "three rights separation" model in Shenzhen allows data providers to retain 70% of the revenue from their data, legally affirming their rights as original producers [2]. Group 2: Technological Governance - China emphasizes the regulation of technological externalities while leveraging technology, aiming to balance efficiency and fairness through a regulatory paradigm that incorporates human concerns into automated decision-making [3]. - The "Interim Measures for the Management of Generative Artificial Intelligence Services" addresses core risks associated with algorithm applications, reflecting a clear value orientation [5]. - Algorithm auditing requirements compel platform companies to disclose discriminatory parameters in their algorithms, promoting transparency and integrating fairness into the entire algorithm development and operation process [5]. Group 3: Practical Outcomes - The Shenzhen data exchange has facilitated transactions where data providers earn an average of approximately 12,000 yuan, demonstrating the initial success of value-sharing mechanisms [4]. - The mixed ownership reform at China Unicom led to a significant increase in digital business revenue, rising from less than 10% to over 30% within five years [3]. - Eastern Airlines Logistics, as the first airline to undergo mixed ownership reform, saw a 210% increase in per capita profit, validating the effectiveness of the capital-labor shared development model [3]. Group 4: Theoretical Advancement - China's governance practices are not a collection of isolated policies but a coherent system with a clear internal logic, focusing on restructuring relationships and redefining rights and obligations in digital production [5]. - The integration of technology in enforcing new property rules and regulating capital movements reflects a governance approach that seeks to enhance equitable distribution of benefits among diverse stakeholders [5]. - The ultimate goal of these coordinated efforts is to achieve a more reasonable distribution of interests, benefiting employees, data providers, users, and the government [5].