世卫组织：尼帕病毒的全球传播风险低

Core Viewpoint - The World Health Organization (WHO) reported low global transmission risk for Nipah virus following recent cases in India, indicating effective monitoring and control measures in place [1]. Group 1: Current Situation - India reported two laboratory-confirmed cases of Nipah virus infection in West Bengal, both involving healthcare workers from the same private hospital [1]. - The National Institute of Virology in Pune confirmed these cases on January 13, and over 190 close contacts have been tested with negative results so far [1]. - This marks the third Nipah virus outbreak reported in West Bengal, with previous outbreaks occurring in 2001 and 2007, and the 13th outbreak in India since 2001 [1]. Group 2: Risk Assessment - WHO assessed the transmission risk of Nipah virus at the sub-national level (specific outbreak areas) as moderate, while the risk at national, regional, and global levels is considered low [1]. Group 3: Disease Characteristics - Nipah virus disease is a rare but severe zoonotic disease that can be transmitted from infected animals (e.g., bats) to humans, through contaminated food, or via close contact with infected individuals [1]. - The case fatality rate ranges from 40% to 75%, and there are currently no approved targeted treatments or vaccines, although early supportive care can improve survival rates [1].