Johnson Controls launches series of thermal management reference design guides for gigawatt-scale AI data centers

Core Insights - Johnson Controls has launched a Reference Design Guide Series for 1 Gigawatt AI data centers, addressing the need for efficient thermal management in rapidly evolving AI infrastructure [1][2] - The guides focus on achieving high energy and water efficiency (PUE and WUE) while providing flexibility for diverse climates and operational requirements [2] Thermal Architecture - The guide outlines a complete thermal architecture that supports both liquid and air-cooled IT loads, integrating components such as computer room air handlers (CRAHs), fan coil walls, coolant distribution units (CDUs), and high-efficiency YORK centrifugal chillers [3] - It includes detailed sizing guidance for 220MW compute quadrants and defines temperature and operating conditions across major facility loops, including Technology Cooling System (TCS) loops for next-generation GPUs [3] Key Outcomes - The updated design enables zero water consumption through a fully water-free heat rejection process, reducing operational costs and advancing sustainability objectives [7] - It ensures future readiness with high-temperature TCS loop compatibility for upcoming GPU architectures [7] - The design aligns with NVIDIA DSX reference architecture, facilitating the scalable deployment of 1-GW-class AI factories [7] - Energy-efficient operations are achieved through elevated condenser water temperatures, bifurcated loops, and YORK high-lift chillers, delivering industry-leading PUE and improved annualized efficiency [7] Industry Context - As AI transforms industries, the demand for high-performing, sustainable data center facilities is increasing, making efficient thermal load management a critical enabler for AI innovation [2][5]