经济学家樊纲:AI会替代人,也会催生新产业、新需求

Group 1 - The core viewpoint presented by the economist Fan Gang emphasizes that the anxiety surrounding AI replacing human jobs should be viewed historically, as technological advancements have historically created new industries and demands rather than reducing employment opportunities [2][3] - Fan Gang argues that while AI may cause short-term employment shocks, society should focus on building a safety net welfare system to maintain social stability and embrace the opportunities presented by AI-driven new industries [3][4] - The issue of "involution" in industries is attributed to the diffusion and imitation of innovation, leading to product homogenization and intense price competition, which diminishes profits and stifles innovation [3][4] Group 2 - To address the problem of "involution," Fan Gang suggests following market principles and pursuing mergers and acquisitions, citing the example of the U.S. steel industry in the late 19th century, where numerous steel mills consolidated after crises, leading to technological advancements [3][4] - The purpose of mergers and acquisitions is not only to eliminate outdated production capacity but also to reduce the number of enterprises in an industry, allowing resources to concentrate on more efficient entities [4]